![]() The first space indicates the solid phase, the second space represents the liquid while the third space shows the vapour state of a substance at a given temperature and pressure have distinct physical and chemical properties. These three spaces and three curve lines. Three spaces in phase diagram correspond to solid, liquid and vapours states of a substance. ![]() Before varying values of temperature by keeping pressure constant or vice versa we will first define certain point and features of the phase diagram. In this section, we describe how one can use the phase diagram to study the relationship between two phases and effects of varying thermodynamic conditions like pressure and temperature on properties of the substance. A phase diagram is a graphical representation of the substance phases, consists of the curved lines and the space between the two lines represent a specific phase of the matter at given pressure and temperature, whereas any point at the curve lines shows the equilibrium between two phases. ![]() ![]() A phase has a complete distinct physical and chemical properties, whereas two phases are separated by a phase boundary. Phases of a substance mean solid, liquid and gas phase of a matter. You can vary one thermodynamic condition such as temperature by keeping the other constant such as pressure. It is a very useful tool in order to understand the nature of a single component substance or mixture of substance. Phase diagram which is drawn between temperature and pressure shows the state of a substance or mixture of substances at any given time at particular temperature and pressure. Phase diagram can also be drawn between other thermodynamic conditions such as between temperature and volume or temperature and solubility etc. This mechanism is a new tool to study chemical conversions in complex metallurgical processes, which will be very useful for metallurgists, chemists, and technologists.A phase diagram is a representation of different phases of a system consists of a substance or many substances at two different thermodynamic conditions such as temperature and pressure. The diagrams proposed herein allow establishing a quantitative relationship between the temperature, the ratio of independent components (metal, oxygen, and carbon), on the one hand, and the complete equilibrium composition of the system, which implies data on the amount and type of condensed and gas phases in the system and their ratios, on the other hand. The equilibrium compositions of the system were obtained to plot diagrams from not only experimental studies but also the chemical equilibria mathematical simulation results using the Selector software package. The main research objective was to determine the equilibrium composition of the Me-O-C system, i.e., the amount or ratio of its various compounds such as carbides, oxides, pure substances, and, possibly, ternary compounds. Diagrams have been proposed that are more common, informative, and herewith universal to study pyrometallurgical processes. To study such processes, mathematical (thermodynamic) simulation and other techniques are widely used, among which graphical diagrams illustrating the equilibrium between individual phases or their systems occupy a special place. This is due to the complex physical and chemical interactions occurring in high-temperature metallurgical systems with the formation of various compounds. Metallurgical processes in Me-O-C systems cannot be studied and controlled using conventional analytical and physicochemical techniques.
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